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Application Status And Research Progress Of Ginkgo Biloba Extract

Ginkgo biloba is one of the oldest surviving plants in the world. Since Dr. Schwabe in Germany affirmed the medical value of Ginkgo biloba in 1950, medical scientists have successively identified more than 160 components from its extracts, including bilobalide A, B, C, kaempferol, quercetin, and rutin. , Ginkgo biflavonoids and flavonoids.

Ginkgo biloba preparations in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases

Treatment of coronary heart disease and angina pectoris Xia Chunhong et al[1] treated 30 cases of coronary heart disease and angina pectoris with ginkgo biloba leaf preparation. The total effective rate was 92.6%, the markedly effective rate was 80.0%, the total effective rate of ischemic electrocardiogram improvement was 80.0%, and the markedly effective rate was 80.0%. 33.3%, both blood stasis type and qi stagnation type are effective. Wang Xitian et al reported [2], clinical observation of 284 patients taking Ginkgo biloba capsules, the curative effect on coronary heart disease and angina pectoris was as high as 90.1%, and the total effective rate on ischemic ECG changes was 77.6%. The main components of ginkgo biloba flavonoids can inhibit lipid peroxidation and oxidatively modify low-density lipoprotein, scavenge superoxide ions and free radicals to achieve the purpose of treating coronary heart disease. Ginkgo biloba preparation can improve blood circulation in the hypoxic area of myocardium, reduce ventricular fibrillation when myocardium is hypoxic, reduce myocardial oxygen consumption and scavenge oxygen free radicals, thereby relieving angina pectoris and improving the changes of ischemic electrocardiogram.

Ginkgo biloba preparations in the treatment of hypertension

Ginkgo biloba can antagonize platelet activating factor, scavenge free radicals, reduce blood viscosity, reduce blood pressure by increasing vascular permeability and elasticity, and have a good antihypertensive effect. Shi Yang reported [3], 28 patients with stage II hypertension took Ginkgo biloba capsules 80 mg, 3 times/d, one month later, the average activity of T-SOD was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.001), and the average content of MDA was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.001). Lower than the control group (P<0.01), blood pressure returned to normal.

Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease with Ginkgo Biloba Preparation

Ginkgo biloba can eliminate the deposition components on the blood vessel wall, improve blood flow changes, increase the deformability of red blood cells, reduce blood viscosity, and make blood flow for various cerebral ischemia treatments, such as cerebral ischemic stroke, cerebral embolism , cerebral vasospasm, etc., and can be used to prevent and treat senile dementia. Peng Yaxian et al[4] randomly divided 60 patients with cerebral infarction into two groups. The control group (30 cases) was treated with conventional methods, and the treatment group (30 cases) was additionally treated with Ginkgo biloba injection on the basis of the control group, and the course of treatment was 14 days. The clinical symptoms and the recovery of limb muscle strength were observed. Results The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group and 66.7% in the control group. The curative effect of the treatment group was significantly better than that of the control group (P < 0.05). The clinical efficacy of the Ginkgo biloba treatment group was high.

Ginkgo biloba preparations for the treatment of respiratory diseases

Ginkgo biloba has the effect of astringing the lungs and relieving asthma. Jinhua et al [5] concentrated Ginkgo biloba oral liquid in the treatment of bronchial asthma. Methods: 39 cases in the treatment group were given oral concentrated ginkgo biloba oral liquid, 10ml/time, 3 times/d; the control group was given a placebo with the same appearance as the concentrated ginkgo biloba oral liquid, 10ml/time, 3 times/d. cnyinxing.com The two groups took 8 consecutive weeks, and inhaled albuterol aerosol according to their needs during the treatment period. Results: The clinical symptoms and pulmonary function indexes of the treatment group were significantly improved compared with those before treatment and after treatment in the control group (p<0.05), and the patients who took the concentrated Ginkgo biloba oral liquid for a long time had better curative effect. Clinically used for bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis.

Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy with Ginkgo Biloba Preparation

Diabetic nephropathy patients were treated with oral ginkgo biloba while maintaining the original hypoglycemic drug treatment, but the patients' urine protein, fasting blood glucose, and creatinine clearance were significantly improved. This is related to the anti-platelet activating factors such as flavonoids in Ginkgo biloba, reducing blood viscosity and red blood cell aggregation, reducing vascular permeability, and improving blood rheology.

Study on the Toxic and Side Effects of Ginkgo Biloba Preparations

Lu Weixing[6] reported that 15 healthy volunteers were observed, and they were divided into three dose groups: large, medium, and small. Ginkgo biloba granules were given 1g, 2g, and 3g, 3 times a day, respectively. After taking them for 6 weeks, the observation Their blood pressure, heart rate, body weight, liver and kidney function, electrocardiogram and the three major routines, no toxic side effects and adverse reactions were found.

Conclusion on the effect of Ginkgo biloba preparations

Ginkgo biloba preparations can regulate blood circulation, increase cerebral blood flow, improve cerebral hypoxia and metabolism, antagonize platelet activating factor and scavenge oxygen free radicals. It also has the peculiar effect of maintaining normal levels of blood quality and cholesterol in arteries, peripheral blood vessels, and capillaries.

In recent years, Ginkgo biloba is used as a health food in the United States, and as a botanical medicine in some European countries, which is widely used to prevent and treat memory loss, dementia and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. At present, the effect of Ginkgo biloba and its extracts (GEB) on the central nervous system (CNS) is one of the hotspots in the world. With the gradual deepening of research on Ginkgo biloba preparations and the continuous accumulation of clinical experience, it will be more widely used in the treatment of various diseases, and is a promising and valuable drug, worthy of clinical promotion.